From May 28 through June 1, the International Federation of Journalists held its 26th World Congress in Moscow. The hundreds of media representatives present chose the Russian capital as their venue for the prestigious triennial event in part to draw international attention to the Russian government's encroachment against media freedoms. In March 2007, the U.S. State Department published its 2006 Reports on Human Rights Practices, which reviews civil rights practices in foreign countries. The report on Russia, whose dismal findings were echoed the following month in a separate State Department assessment on global media freedoms, warned that the Russian government continues to reduce media freedoms through a variety of direct and indirect measures. Russian federal and local government bodies already partially or completely own thousands of television and radio stations and continue to acquire ownership of additional outlets. At present, the state owns two of the three national television stations, Rossiya and Channel One. In January 2001, Gazprom -- a company closely tied to the Kremlin --took control of NTV, the remaining station, in a forced takeover arranged by the new Putin administration. Russian authorities can also influence the coverage of even many nominally independent broadcasting companies by exploiting their financial dependence on pro-Putin financial and industrial groups, some of which own controlling stakes in nongovernmental media companies.
Russian Government Uses Ownership, Intimidation to Encroach on Media Freedom
